article (43rd)

Clarisa Livia

16611022

This paper focuses on the intertemporal pricing strategies for fashion tech products with two opposite consumption externalities. Based on a heterogeneous customer model, we derive the optimal pricing strategies for different supply policies and market structures. We find that it is always optimal to set the price in the first period higher than that in the second period. In addition, when the availability of products is high and the fraction of followers is large (in other words, stockout probability and the fraction of snobs are small), it is optimal to reduce the price slightly, otherwise a sharp markdown strategy is better. When customers’ sensitivity to negative consumption externalities is stronger, the firm is more likely to set the price at a high level in the first period, but may not necessarily cut the price in the second period. Meanwhile, as the sensitivity to positive consumption externalities becomes stronger, the optimal price in the first period decreases and that in the second period increases.

There are several remaining research questions. First, we can extend our work to the strategies for more periods or with multiple objectives as the firm may consider the reputation or market share of the product over the long term. Second, we can combine pricing strategies with production strategies to take quantity constraints into account and make simultaneous decisions. Third, our work can be extended to include empirical studies identifying the relationship between the extent of consumption externalities and the intrinsic attributes of products.

article (38th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022

This experimental case study was conducted to examine what and how higher education, specifically fashion-related disciplines, should approach and teach fashion students about 3DP and its practical implementation into the fashion product design, which has been gaining much attention in the public and various digital manufacturing fields for the past 10 years. By sharing our 3DP teaching experience with the students in the fashion design major, we aimed to provide a pedagogical guidance for educators in similar design disciplines at other institutions.

Through this 3DP course, the students were able to learn the entire process of 3DP from modeling to printing, and it was evaluated that they have become to achieve for (1) making 3D modeling of their own design by acquiring the skills of operating 3D modeling software and (2) understanding the operating principles of 3DP and its production process. This case study provides an initial foundation of 3DP education in fashion-related majors of higher education by introducing the emerging technology, 3DP, to students in these majors, who will eventually graduate and work in the fashion industry where design innovation and technology are ceaselessly incorporated and attempted.

Article "Introduction to special collection on fashion and gender" (31st)

Clarisa Livia

In this special issue of Fashion and Textiles, we are pleased to present research focused on the interplay of fashion and gender. The theme for this issue followed from the fourth annual Fashion and Symposium, held in the College of Design at the University of Minnesota in May 2015. The focus of the symposium was the relationships between fashion and gender. Authors of the 17 presented research papers, as well as other scholars from various fields of study, were invited to submit manuscripts of their work related to fashion and gender. This issue consisting of five research studies is the result of this process.

Included in this issue is Matthews, Chaney and Opiri’s article, “The Michelle Obama influence: An exploration of the First Lady’s fashion, style and impact on women.” The authors of this article examine the impact of Mrs. Obama’s sartorial style upon US women’s fashion perceptions and purchase behavior. Interviews with women revealed that they believed that they could relate to Michelle Obama as a result of her appearance. Furthermore, Mrs. Obama’s unique clothing selections encouraged the participants to also follow their own distinctive style when selecting clothing.

article "Shifting paradigms for fashion: from total to global to smart consumer experience" (29th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022

In 2013, over 2.7 billion people, 39 percent of the world’s population, were using the Internet; a total of 31percent of this population was in the developing world compared to 77 percent in the developed world (ICT, 2013). By the end of 2014, it is expected that the global number of smartphones in use will reach 1.75 billion or one phone for every four people in the world (eMarketer.com, 2014). Emergence of this global techno-economic system is challenging academia and the fashion industry. This study discusses three shifts in fashion paradigms by proposing the Total (TCE), Global (GCE) and Smart Consumer Experience (SCE) concepts derived from the concept of The Experience Economy (Pine and Gilmore, 1999), Consumer Culture Theory (Arnould and Thompson, 2005), Social Capital Theory (Putnam, 1995) and Digital Engagements (Mollen and Wilson, 2010; Csikszentmihalyi, 1990, 1997).

The consumer experience is a pervasive new value orientation that is transforming how consumers think, gain information, and make decisions about consumption activities to maximize their total experience value. Moreover, the experiences, products and services that consumers seek are being defined with a global and smart perspective that is made possible by boundary-free access to information and sourcing of products and services. Specifically, the Smart Consumer Experience avidly advocates consumer participation by leveraging the power of communities and networks and enabling consumers to influence retail businesses and co-create future marketspace values. This phenomenon has important implications for fashion consumers and fashion retail industry business strategies since fashion is an emulated behavior. This study demonstrates how consumers, the retail industry and business strategies are strategically contributing to this shifting fashion paradigm.

article "Waiting in line at a fashion store: psychological and emotional responses" (28th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022

Waiting in line to purchase products at luxury brand department stores or luxury outlet malls has recently become a common customer experience. Since many people find waiting to purchase fashion goods less common than waiting to receive service in hospitals, banks, restaurants, or airports, little research has been done on waiting in the purchasing context. This study on waiting while shopping for fashion goods categorized wait times in terms of the use of time fillers. We examined customers’ psychological and emotional responses and purchase-related behaviors. We found different effects for waiting and fillers on customer’s responses, expectation of competition, and excitement level. Using related fillers during the wait showed the highest positive responses, such as the expectation of competition and excitement level. The positive responses to unrelated fillers were lower than were those for related fillers. We can infer that unrelated fillers distract customers’ attention from the wait or their shopping. Furthermore, excitement level was found to partially mediate the relationship between expectation of competition and purchase intention, reinforcing the importance of positive emotions in shopping situations.

article "Relationships between physical activity and muscular strength among healthy adults across the lifespan" (26th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022

The major findings of this study were that physical activity explained only 1–3 % of the variance in muscle strength; whereas gender explained 40–74 %, age 6–44 %, and BMI 2–16 % of the variance. In total, these models explained 53–77 % of the variance in muscle strength. Second, self-reported physical activity correlated with more strongly with measures of upper body strength, while objective measures of physical activity correlated with more strongly with measures of lower body strength.

In addition to providing clinicians with an overall picture of the important contributors to muscle strength across the lifespan, our findings provide insight into the discrepancies in this literature. Of import is that health care and exercise professionals should consider using multiple measures of physical activity and muscle strength and carefully consider the age and gender of the populations they employ to assess these relationships in their studies. Future studies may consider investigating these relationships in disease populations, as the contribution of physical activity to muscle strength may differ significantly from the healthy adult population.

article "Nociception-specific blink reflex: pharmacology in healthy volunteers" (25th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


They have shown in a carefully conducted three-way crossover study in volunteers a reduction of the nociception specific blink reflex with the benzodiazepine receptor agonist diazepam. We have seen no clear effect of fentanyl, the mu-opioid receptor agonist or ketamine, the non-competitive glutamate NMDA-receptor blocker. The study showed a highly reproducible baseline from week to week within subjects. The nociception specific blink reflex offers a reproducible, quantifiable window with which to examine the trigeminal nociceptive system in humans. Studies of preventive medicines and putative new anti-migraine treatments may provide useful insights into both the pathophysiology of migraine and help accelerate medicine development.

article (24th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


This study provides the following main findings: (1) 33% of migraine patients experienced spontaneous remission in the 8 years follow-up; (2) amplitudes of all CNV components decreased and habituation of the iCNV increased in the observed time; (3) the reduction of the iCNV amplitude was more pronounced in migraine patients who were in remission at T2 and in healthy subjects and less pronounced in both migraine groups with persisting headaches; (4) patients with worsened headache demonstrated the most pronounced loss of iCNV habituation at T1; (5) the iCNV amplitude at T2 differentiates patients with worsened migraine (larger iCNV amplitude) from patients with remission or healthy control subjects.

Article "No differences in visual theory of mind abilities between euthymic bipolar patients and healthy controls" (22nd)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


A recent meta-analyses indicates the occurrence of a ToM deficit in bipolar patients across all mood states, with remitted or subsyndromal patients showing stable modest deficits, albeit less severe than during acute episodes (Bora et al. 2016). Nevertheless, the variability in effect sizes between studies is large and the role of possible confounding factors such as neurocognitive functions and clinical variables has not been established conclusively. Also, differential patterns of impairment might exist depending on task area (cognitive or affective) and task modality (verbal or visual). In the present study, we aimed to exclusively examine the performance of euthymic bipolar patients in visual cognitive and affective theory of mind in comparison to healthy subjects, as deficits in those domains have been less consistently shown for remitted than for acute patients (Kerr et al. 2003; Ioannidi et al. 2015; Olley et al. 2005). Contrary to our hypotheses, patients did not differ in a statistically significant way from controls on our measures of visual cognitive and visual affective ToM. Also in disagreement with our hypotheses, we did not find statistically significant differences between patients and controls regarding their time taken to complete either of the ToM tasks. In terms of effect sizes, our findings were also below the effect sizes reported in recent meta-analyses. While Samamé et al. (2015) have reported effect sizes in the small-to-medium range for cognitive ToM, and Bora et al. (2016) have reported effect sizes in the moderate range pooling across ToM tasks, we observed only a small effect in favor of controls on the performance of our cognitive ToM task. On our visual affective ToM task, there was even a small effect favoring the performance of patients. With respect to ToM task completion time, we found controls to be faster than patients with a small effect size on the cognitive ToM task. A large effect in favor of controls was found for the time taken to complete the affective ToM task.

Article "Specific characterization of regional storage fat in upper and lower limbs of young healthy adults" (21st)

Clarisa livia
16611022


This results suggest that BIA results in a significantly different estimation of the whole body and limb composition when compared to MRI and that MRI is useful to determine regional specificities in the limb composition. We found specific characterization in regional storage body fat of young healthy adults: there was a higher percentage of fat in the upper arm compared to the thigh in both men and women, and a higher percentage of fat in the limbs of women compared to men. Further studies are needed to elucidate the physiological and biological significance of these specific compositions.

Article "Effects of regional perfusion block in healthy and injured lungs" (20th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


In clinical practice, the potentially detrimental effects of increased pulmonary blood flow, whether global or regional, are far less recognized than those of decreased blood flow. Our data highlight two potential clinical problems. First, one should exert caution when patients are in a lateral decubitus position since the gravity-induced flow diversion may increase edema formation if capillary permeability is increased. This is particularly important with the patient in the right lateral decubitus position, due to the larger size of the right lung. Consequently, during early ARDS, when membrane permeability is already altered, any maneuver causing increased cardiac output, e.g., awake patient, non-invasive ventilation, and spontaneous breathing, might worsen edema. Conversely, any maneuver that reduced oxygen demand and cardiac output would help to prevent or lessen this possibly underestimated adverse effect.

Article "Multiple stress fractures of the lower extremity in healthy young men" (19th)

Clarisa livia
16611022

Stress fractures are caused by repetitive mechanical stresses and can be largely viewed as either fatigue or insufficiency fractures. Fractures caused by repetitive mechanical stresses in healthy young or middle-aged patients are fatigue fractures, and stress fractures caused by low loads due to osteoporosis, osteomalacia, or other diseases in elderly patients are referred to as insufficiency fractures. Overuse activities can increase the risk of multiple fatigue fractures in soldiers or untrained subjects. However, reports on multiple fatigue fractures thus far showed causes such as under-nutrition, dyscrinism, long-term rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis. The two cases of multiple fatigue fractures that these authors investigated most likely resulted from overuse activities in soldiers and untrained subjects, as the authors observed that multiple fatigue fractures in three or more areas occurred in two healthy male patients without any under-nutrition, dyscrinism, long-term rheumatoid arthritis or osteoporosis.

Stress fractures occur in normal bones of healthy people without any particular trauma, and their types and locations depend on age and degree of activity. Regarding the mechanisms involved, Ingersoll suggested that stress fractures occur in normal bones when fine fractures accumulate due to repetitive mechanical stimuli or external forces beyond the limits of skeletal maintenance. Belkin reported bone resorption occurs and progresses as a reaction to stress and leads to fine fractures followed by complete fractures, and also reported that the frequency of stress fractures is increasing among athletes. However, Haider and Storey advised that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis stress fractures were caused by systemic osteoporosis. Subsequently, stress fractures caused by long-standing rheumatoid arthritis have been well described. In addition, osteoporosis and corticosteroid therapy, which has the side effect of bone loss, are other known causes of stress fractures.

Article "Current and future challenges for a long and healthy working life" (18th)

Clarisa livia
16611022


In the next decade, the German working population will shrink and age with some major impacts to the social security system. As a consequence, policymakers want to increase labor market participation among individuals with higher working ages. Although the rate of participation of the older individual workforce has increased over the past few years, their participation rate is still lower than in other working age groups. A low level of continuous participation can be found among men and women aged 60 and above.

It is largely unknown whether and to what extent older workers are severely affected by organizational change in working life. Potential job stress factors are increasing and may have an impact on the participation of individual labor. Examples include increased job insecurity, increased speed of work, demands for increased personal responsibility and labor flexibility. In addition, the workload of certain working groups may be a particular challenge for older workers. Otherwise, past organizational changes also offer more flexible active role opportunities in the labor market and increase participation in general.

Here, the risks and challenges are not distributed equally across the older workforce. Some people are severely affected by certain workloads and leave the labor market relatively young. Others want to participate in the labor market even after the legal retirement age, or need to continue working, eg. for financial reasons Against this backdrop the workshop "Aging in labor participation. Current and future challenges for long working life" addresses the challenges faced by parents in the labor market as well as specific approaches to increasing labor market participation of elderly workers .

Article "Healthy vs. unhealthy food: a strategic choice for firms and consumers" (17th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


In choosing food, this article described also the type of public policy that can be done to reduce the aggregate consumption of unhealthy attributes. In addition to fiscal policies that increase unhealthy food prices and discourage consumption, education campaigns have been considered, this policy has no effect if the emotional / health costs are relatively low.

However, some food attributes can be conceptualized as having a horizontal feature, while others (taste, quality, etc.) are vertical. The static nature of the model does not allow one to analyze the long-term effects on health derived from unhealthy consumption habits. From the perspective of health authorities, this issue is important because health spending has increased in developed countries over the last decade. The proportion of increased health spending is dedicated to addressing health problems related to obesity. Thus, an interesting model extension is to analyze, in a dynamic context, the decision to produce and consume food when there are negative health effects in the future. In this case, the addictive components of unhealthy food and self-control and time preferences that are not consistent on the demand side should be taken into account.

Article "Does tension-type headache patients have a reduced shoulder muscle strength compared to healthy controls?" (16th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common headache in the general population. Neck muscles are tense and tender and pain in the shoulder muscles is a spoken complaint. Several studies have found that trapezius plays a major role in TTH and decreases strength capacity and decreases painful trapezius muscle activity by office workers with trapezius mystique is reported to occur.

Researchers have hypothesized that TTH patients had significantly reduced torque compared with healthy controls. The results show that the effect of trapezius muscle on TTH headache patients will not result in reduced torque in shoulder abduction. It also implies that TTH patients are not limited to shoulder use because trapezius pain and other mechanisms should be investigated.

Article "Frontal thermography in healthy individuals: reliability of the method" (15th)

Clarisa livia
16611022


26 volunteers (20 women and 6 men) with an average age of 32 ± 10 years were examined. Seven volunteers had a history of low frequency migraines. It has been assessed with an infrared thermal camera that measures the spatial distribution of heat over the face. The image analysis evaluates the temperature in the two left-sided (L) and right (R) target points at the frontal pole.

From the results of that study, Infrared Thermography (TH) is useful in making diagnostics and conduct evaluation in the field of pain medication.
TH measurement is somewhat symmetrical and can be reproduced on both sides. TH can be a reliable method for evaluation of local / lateral pain syndromes.

Article "Migraineus, seriously ill or basically health? (14th)

Clarisa livia
16611022


Several epidemiological studies have reported that many comorbidities in migraine, most of which are identified through questionnaires based on self-reported diagnoses. Similarly, pharmacoepidemiological studies have also identified some comorbidities, they evaluated migraine comorbidity by using and comparing data obtained with different study methods, with the aim of minimizing yield variability.


Their study did not confirm that many comorbidities were reported to be associated with migraines, particularly those involved in cardiovascular risk. The evidence of contrast in the literature may be due to intrinsic bias in the study method: group, age not comparable, gender differences, marker drugs used from labels, and diagnostic uncertainty.

Article "Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern in healthy individuals" (13th)

Clarisa Livia
16611022


The level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is widely used during mechanical ventilation or during spontaneous breathing for acute or chronic lung disease. In this study, indirect breathing plethysmography (RIP) or death, electromyography (EMG) of transversus abdominis and skalene muscle and indirect calorimetry were used to achieve an integrated picture of respiratory system changes after exposure at 10 cmH2O CPAP levels.

In normal individuals, 10cm H2O CPAP induces acute overdistention. This overdistension activates the respiratory muscles of the accessory and improves the breathing work. Increased activity of inspired scalene muscle during CPAP explains the increase in RC contribution to tidal volume, whereas recruiting abdominal expulsion transversus may retain the lungs from overinflation by retracting the diaphragm toward the initial FRC position. We may assume that in patients with acute respiratory failure who do not tolerate different levels of CPAP, CPAP induces excessive distension and improves respiratory work.

Article "Human rhinovirus infection induces local and systemic immunological tolerance in healthy volunteers" (12th)

Clarisa livia
16611022


According to the study, most ICU patients suffer from respiratory viral infections. Human Rhinovirus (HRVs) is the most common cause of the common cold. The impact of recurrent HRV exposure and thus the possibility of viral immunoparalysis development has never been studied. Furthermore, although lethal HRV-C may cause severe systemic and severe infections in children and adults and less virulent HRV-A strains can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients as well, the systemic inflammatory effects and HRV-A respiratory tract induced by HRV has not been studied in healthy subjects. Finally, it remains to be determined whether serostatus alters the HRV inflammatory response.

HRV infection does not produce an inflammatory response in seropositive subjects and does not have an effect on the lower respiratory tract. Furthermore, a second inoculation with HRV was one week after the first result in a reduced local and systemic inflammatory response. This may be an explanation for increased susceptibility to secondary infections following respiratory viral infection in ICU patients.

Article "Effect of eight days bed rest on the incretin effect in healthy volunteers" (11th)

Clarisa livia
16611022


When admitted to the hospital, and especially to the intensive care unit, dramatically decreased the level of physical activity, which converts glucose metabolism into a pre-diabetic state. Patients with critical illness often have spontaneous hyperglycemia, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The incretin glucagon hormone is secreted from the intestine in response to glucose load and stimulates up to 70% insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in healthy individuals, named incretin effects. The incretin effect is reduced in critically ill patients, but the underlying mechanism has not been determined.

Blood glucose and serum insulin were higher during OGTT after rest and the Matsuda index decreased, indicating insulin resistance. The incretin effect is not affected. Thus, bed rest does not explain the reduced incretin effect in critically ill people.