30th article " Animal Behaviour "

Name : Nurmala Eka Putri
Npm : 16611025

Animal Behaviour
Life history of aggression: effects of age and sexual experience on male
aggression towards males and females.
Life history of aggression: effects of age and sexual experience on male
aggression towards males and females.
Our simultaneous assessment of the effects of age and sexual
experience on three types of aggression allows us to draw a general
picture of the life history of aggression in fruit flies. This depiction
may be relevant for many other weaponless species with a plastic
mating system of resource defence polygyny under low density and
dispersed, defendable resources, or scramble competition other￾wise. Young males shun aggression towards both males and females
most likely because it inflicts costs that decrease expected life span.
Males that succeed in matings may maintain their low aggression
levels. Males that fail at acquiring mates gradually increase their
motivation to persist in pursuing both teneral females for forced
copulations and previously mated females, which may be coerced
into remating. It is likely that, in settings where most matings occur
at resources defended by capable males, males' motivation to fight
increases with age so that they can either acquire or maintain an
attractive resource.