I find that substantial effort has been
invested in the last few years to better understand cytokine signaling in the
skin. It is becoming increasingly clear that keratinocytes play an important
role in skin immunity during homeostasis or several stages, aging and disease.
While many cytokine pathways have been studied in detail and already targeted
with immunotherapy, many details remain elusive because of the complexity of
the synergistic and exceptionally competitive cytokine signals, leading to
controversial research results. In particular, the contribution of altered
keratinocytes to cancer initiation and progression in an immunosuppressed local
environment is not adequately described. Further research is needed to
efficiently adjust the treatments to target specific cytokine pathways in the
skin.
The skin, which at first thought to protect the
body passively from pathogenic organisms and other environmental insults, is
now recognized as a sophisticated immune organ that actively regulates local
immunity. Studies connecting localized and adaptive immunity to health and skin
diseases have revealed
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