Diagnosing the Neural
Circuitry of Reading
Functional and structural neuroimaging studies of adult
readers have provided a deeper understanding of the neural basis of reading,
yet such findings also elicit new questions about how developing neural systems
come to support this learned ability. A developmental cognitive neuroscience
approach provides insights into how skilled reading emerges in the developing
brain, yet also raises new methodological challenges.
This review focuses on functional
changes that occur during reading acquisition in cortical regions associated
with both the perception of visual words and spoken language, and it examines
how such functional changes differ within developmental reading disabilities.
We integrate these findings within an interactive specialization framework of functional
development and propose that such a framework may provide insights into how
individual differences at several levels of observation (genetics, white matter
tract structure, functional organization of language, cultural organization of
writing systems) impact the emergence of neural systems involved in reading
ability and disability.
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